Molybdenum (Mo) is important in which process related to legumes?

Molybdenum (Mo) is a critical micronutrient for legumes because it plays a vital role in nitrogen fixation, which occurs in the root nodules of leguminous plants. This process is largely facilitated by symbiotic bacteria, primarily Rhizobium, that convert atmospheric nitrogen into forms that plants can use. Molybdenum is a cofactor for the enzyme nitrogenase, which is essential for the reduction of nitrogen gas (N₂) into ammonia (NH₃). Without adequate molybdenum, this enzyme's activity is impaired, leading to reduced nitrogen fixation efficiency and, consequently, hindering the growth and yield of legume crops.

While molybdenum does have roles in other physiological processes, its most significant function in legumes directly relates to nitrate reduction within the context of nitrogen fixation. This makes it indispensable for the effective functioning of legumes, allowing them to thrive in nitrogen-deficient soils by utilizing atmospheric nitrogen.